conan create

$ conan create -h
usage: conan create [-h] [-v [V]] [-cc CORE_CONF] [-f FORMAT] [--name NAME]
                    [--version VERSION] [--user USER] [--channel CHANNEL]
                    [-l LOCKFILE] [--lockfile-partial]
                    [--lockfile-out LOCKFILE_OUT] [--lockfile-clean]
                    [--lockfile-overrides LOCKFILE_OVERRIDES] [-b BUILD]
                    [-r REMOTE | -nr] [-u [UPDATE]] [-pr PROFILE]
                    [-pr:b PROFILE_BUILD] [-pr:h PROFILE_HOST]
                    [-pr:a PROFILE_ALL] [-o OPTIONS] [-o:b OPTIONS_BUILD]
                    [-o:h OPTIONS_HOST] [-o:a OPTIONS_ALL] [-s SETTINGS]
                    [-s:b SETTINGS_BUILD] [-s:h SETTINGS_HOST]
                    [-s:a SETTINGS_ALL] [-c CONF] [-c:b CONF_BUILD]
                    [-c:h CONF_HOST] [-c:a CONF_ALL] [--build-require]
                    [-tf TEST_FOLDER] [-tm] [-bt BUILD_TEST]
                    path

Create a package.

positional arguments:
  path                  Path to a folder containing a recipe (conanfile.py)

options:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -v [V]                Level of detail of the output. Valid options from less
                        verbose to more verbose: -vquiet, -verror, -vwarning,
                        -vnotice, -vstatus, -v or -vverbose, -vv or -vdebug,
                        -vvv or -vtrace
  -cc CORE_CONF, --core-conf CORE_CONF
                        Define core configuration, overwriting global.conf
                        values. E.g.: -cc core:non_interactive=True
  -f FORMAT, --format FORMAT
                        Select the output format: json
  --name NAME           Provide a package name if not specified in conanfile
  --version VERSION     Provide a package version if not specified in
                        conanfile
  --user USER           Provide a user if not specified in conanfile
  --channel CHANNEL     Provide a channel if not specified in conanfile
  -l LOCKFILE, --lockfile LOCKFILE
                        Path to a lockfile. Use --lockfile="" to avoid
                        automatic use of existing 'conan.lock' file
  --lockfile-partial    Do not raise an error if some dependency is not found
                        in lockfile
  --lockfile-out LOCKFILE_OUT
                        Filename of the updated lockfile
  --lockfile-clean      Remove unused entries from the lockfile
  --lockfile-overrides LOCKFILE_OVERRIDES
                        Overwrite lockfile overrides
  -b BUILD, --build BUILD
                        Optional, specify which packages to build from source.
                        Combining multiple '--build' options on one command
                        line is allowed. Possible values: --build="*" Force
                        build from source for all packages. --build=never
                        Disallow build for all packages, use binary packages
                        or fail if a binary package is not found, it cannot be
                        combined with other '--build' options. --build=missing
                        Build packages from source whose binary package is not
                        found. --build=cascade Build packages from source that
                        have at least one dependency being built from source.
                        --build=[pattern] Build packages from source whose
                        package reference matches the pattern. The pattern
                        uses 'fnmatch' style wildcards. --build=~[pattern]
                        Excluded packages, which will not be built from the
                        source, whose package reference matches the pattern.
                        The pattern uses 'fnmatch' style wildcards.
                        --build=missing:[pattern] Build from source if a
                        compatible binary does not exist, only for packages
                        matching pattern.
  -r REMOTE, --remote REMOTE
                        Look in the specified remote or remotes server
  -nr, --no-remote      Do not use remote, resolve exclusively in the cache
  -u [UPDATE], --update [UPDATE]
                        Will install newer versions and/or revisions in the
                        local cache for the given reference name, or all
                        references in the graph if no argument is supplied.
                        When using version ranges, it will install the latest
                        version that satisfies the range. It will update to
                        the latest revision for the resolved version range.
  -pr PROFILE, --profile PROFILE
                        Apply the specified profile. By default, or if
                        specifying -pr:h (--profile:host), it applies to the
                        host context. Use -pr:b (--profile:build) to specify
                        the build context, or -pr:a (--profile:all) to specify
                        both contexts at once
  -pr:b PROFILE_BUILD, --profile:build PROFILE_BUILD
  -pr:h PROFILE_HOST, --profile:host PROFILE_HOST
  -pr:a PROFILE_ALL, --profile:all PROFILE_ALL
  -o OPTIONS, --options OPTIONS
                        Apply the specified options. By default, or if
                        specifying -o:h (--options:host), it applies to the
                        host context. Use -o:b (--options:build) to specify
                        the build context, or -o:a (--options:all) to specify
                        both contexts at once. Example:
                        -o="pkg/*:with_qt=True"
  -o:b OPTIONS_BUILD, --options:build OPTIONS_BUILD
  -o:h OPTIONS_HOST, --options:host OPTIONS_HOST
  -o:a OPTIONS_ALL, --options:all OPTIONS_ALL
  -s SETTINGS, --settings SETTINGS
                        Apply the specified settings. By default, or if
                        specifying -s:h (--settings:host), it applies to the
                        host context. Use -s:b (--settings:build) to specify
                        the build context, or -s:a (--settings:all) to specify
                        both contexts at once. Example: -s="compiler=gcc"
  -s:b SETTINGS_BUILD, --settings:build SETTINGS_BUILD
  -s:h SETTINGS_HOST, --settings:host SETTINGS_HOST
  -s:a SETTINGS_ALL, --settings:all SETTINGS_ALL
  -c CONF, --conf CONF  Apply the specified conf. By default, or if specifying
                        -c:h (--conf:host), it applies to the host context.
                        Use -c:b (--conf:build) to specify the build context,
                        or -c:a (--conf:all) to specify both contexts at once.
                        Example:
                        -c="tools.cmake.cmaketoolchain:generator=Xcode"
  -c:b CONF_BUILD, --conf:build CONF_BUILD
  -c:h CONF_HOST, --conf:host CONF_HOST
  -c:a CONF_ALL, --conf:all CONF_ALL
  --build-require       Whether the package being created is a build-require
                        (to be used as tool_requires() by other packages)
  -tf TEST_FOLDER, --test-folder TEST_FOLDER
                        Alternative test folder name. By default it is
                        "test_package". Use "" to skip the test stage
  -tm, --test-missing   Run the test_package checks only if the package is
                        built from source but not if it already existed (using
                        --build=missing)
  -bt BUILD_TEST, --build-test BUILD_TEST
                        Same as '--build' but only for the test_package
                        requires. By default if not specified it will take the
                        '--build' value if specified

conan create 命令从 path 中指定的 recipe 创建一个包。

此命令将首先 export 该 recipe 到本地缓存,然后构建并创建该包。如果找到 test_package 文件夹(您可以使用 -tf 参数或使用 test_package_folder recipe 属性更改文件夹名称),则该命令将运行消费者项目以确保包已正确创建。请查看 测试 Conan 包 部分,以了解有关如何测试您的 Conan 包的更多信息。

提示

有时您希望跳过/禁用测试阶段。在这种情况下,您可以通过传递一个空值作为 -tf 参数来跳过/禁用测试包阶段

$ conan create . --test-folder=""

您可能还想执行 conan create . --build=missing,这样如果服务器上已存在二进制文件,则不会构建该包。如果您还想在二进制文件已存在时避免 test_package 步骤,则可以应用 conan create . --build=missing --test-missing,它只会在二进制文件从源代码构建时启动 test-package。

将 conan create 与构建需求一起使用

--build-require 参数允许使用“构建”上下文的配置和设置来创建包,就像它是 build_require 一样。此功能允许以与以后使用它们的方式一致的方式创建包。

$ conan create . --name=cmake --version=3.23.1 --build-require

Conan create 输出

conan create ... --format=json 创建一个 json 输出,其中包含完整的依赖关系图信息。此 json 与使用 conan graph info 创建的 json 相同(请参阅 graph info json 格式),其中包含有关二进制文件的扩展信息,例如更完整的 cpp_info 字段。生成的 json 是正在创建的包 recipe 的依赖关系图,不包括 test_packagetest_package/conanfile.py 的其他可能的依赖项。这些依赖项仅存在于 test_package 功能中,因此不属于“主要”产品或包的一部分。如果您有兴趣捕获包括 test_package 的依赖关系图(在大多数情况下很可能不需要),那么您可以单独运行 conan test 命令来执行此操作。

使用 --lockfile-out 参数创建的锁定文件也是如此。锁定文件将仅包含已创建的包及其传递依赖项版本,但它将不包含 test_packagetest_package/conanfile.py 的传递依赖项。可以使用 conan test 命令捕获包含这些的锁定文件(尽管同样,这可能不是真正必要的)

注意

最佳实践

一般来说,应避免使用除了被测试的包之外的其他依赖项的 test_package/conanfile.pytest_package 功能应作为简单的检查,以确保正确创建了包。向 test_package 添加额外的依赖项可能表明该检查不是直接的或其功能被滥用。如果出于任何原因,您的 test_package 具有其他依赖项,则可以使用 --build-test 参数来控制它们的构建。

方法执行顺序

conan create 按照以下顺序执行 conanfile.py方法

  1. 将 recipe 导出到缓存
    1. init()

    2. set_name()

    3. set_version()

    4. export()

    5. export_sources()

  2. 计算依赖关系图
    1. ìnit()

    2. config_options()

    3. configure()

    4. requirements()

    5. build_requirements()

  3. 计算必要的包
    1. validate_build()

    2. validate()

    3. package_id()

    4. layout()

    5. system_requirements()

  4. 安装包
    1. source()

    2. build_id()

    3. generate()

    4. build()

    5. package()

    6. package_info()

如果该包不是从源代码构建的,则不会调用来自 *安装包* 步骤的 generate()build()package() 步骤。

之后,如果您的项目中有名为 *test_package* 的文件夹,或者您使用 --test-folder 标志调用 conan create 命令,则该命令将按照以下顺序调用该文件夹内 *conanfile.py* 文件的方法

  1. 启动 test_package
    1. (测试包)init()

    2. (测试包)set_name()

    3. (测试包)set_version()

  2. 计算依赖关系图
    1. (测试包)config_options()

    2. (测试包)configure()

    3. (测试包)requirements()

    4. (测试包)build_requirements()

    5. ìnit()

    6. config_options()

    7. configure()

    8. requirements()

    9. build_requirements()

  3. 计算必要的包
    1. validate_build()

    2. validate()

    3. package_id()

    4. layout()

    5. (测试包)validate_build()

    6. (测试包)validate()

    7. (测试包)package_id()

    8. (测试包)layout()

    9. system_requirements()

    10. (测试包)system_requirements()

  4. 安装包
    1. build_id()

    2. generate()

    3. build()

    4. package_info()

  5. 测试包
    1. (测试包)build()

    2. (测试包)test()

带有 *(测试包)* 的函数属于 *test_package* 文件夹中的 *conanfile.py*。如果项目已安装,则将跳过 *安装包* 步骤中的 build_id()generate()build() 步骤。通常,应该像在上一个“安装包”步骤中安装的那样进行安装。

另请参阅